Hum Reprod. 2018 Dec 4. doi: 10.1093/humrep/dey350. [Epub ahead of print]
What was the fate of human embryos following long-term cryopreservation (≥12 years) and frozen embryo transfer?
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION:
Do human embryos survive long-term cryopreservation (CP) (≥12 years) and implant after frozen embryo transfer (ET)?
SUMMARY ANSWER:
Human embryos remain usable after long-term CP.
WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY:
Several cohort studies have reported the live birth rate or neonatal outcomes of human embryos after CP for up to 5 years. Only a few case reports have described successful live births from human embryos after long-term CP up to 12 years.
STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION:
This retrospective observational study in China included 20 patients (128 embryos) from March 2016 to April 2017.
PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS:
Twenty patients who had at least one live birth during their previous IVF/ICSI treatments and had surplus embryos cryopreserved were observed. Data concerning frozen embryo recovery, pregnancy and obstetric outcomes following frozen ET were recorded.
MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE:
A total of 128 embryos of 20 patients were observed. The embryo storage duration was 12.0-17.1 years, with a mean of 13.9 ± 1.73 years. In all, 115 embryos were thawed to transfer, with a survival rate of 74%. Sixty embryos were further cultured, which resulted in 20 blastocysts with a blastocyst formation rate of 33%. There were 21 cleavage-stage embryos and 13 blastocysts transferred in a total of 12 and 11 cycles, respectively, which resulted in one biochemical pregnancy, one first trimester miscarriage, two ectopic pregnancies, three singletons and one case of twins, with a clinical pregnancy rate of 25% (D3 ET) and 36% (blastocyst transfer) and a live birth rate of 17% (D3 ET) and 27% (blastocyst transfer). Two of the four patients who had live birth developed gestational diabetes mellitus. One of the five live births was a preterm delivery.
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