•  與10% PVP組相比，5% PVP組精子DNA碎片化程度較低。
• 5% PVP組的受精率和高品質胚胎形成率也較高。
• 10% PVP組的碎片率、不均等卵裂球率、逆向卵裂（RC）率和胚胎停滯率均較高。
• ICSI週期中低濃度（5%）PVP可取代10% PVP。

The Beneficial Role of Low PVP Concentration on Sperm Apoptotic Gene Expression, Embryo Morphokinetics Status, and Clinical ICSI Outcomes

During the intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) procedure, 10% polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is commonly used as a selection medium to decrease sperm motility. The study aimed to determine the effect of different concentrations of PVP (5% and 10%) on sperm apoptotic transcripts, sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF), embryo cytokinetic, and clinical characteristics in the ICSI program. In the study, 60 couples with male factor infertility underwent ICSI insemination using eitheconcentration. Metaphase II (MII) oocytes were divided into two groups, with one group injected with sperm in 5% PVP and the other in 10% PVP. After fertilization, the zygotes were cultured using a time-lapse microscope to assess morphokinetic parameters also, simultaneously with the ICSI procedure, SDF and apoptotic transcript levels were quantified using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The study found that DNA fragmentation was lower in sperm from the 5% PVP group compared to the 10% PVP group. Additionally, the expression levels of B-cell lymphoma (BCL2) and the 70 kilodalton heat shock proteins (HSP70) genes were significantly higher in 5% PVP compared to 10% PVP, while the transcript levels of the Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX) gene were lower in 5% PVP. The 5% PVP group also demonstrated higher fertilization and high-quality embryo formation rates. Cytokinetic variables were significantly different between the two groups, and the rates of fragmentation, uneven blastomere, reverse cleavage (RC), and embryo arrest were higher in the 10% PVP group. The study concluded that a low concentration of PVP (5%) is a suitable replacement for 10% PVP in ICSI cycles for male factor infertility.