cortical granule在卵成熟過程中(GV>M2)會逐漸聚集於卵子細胞外圍, 並在第一隻精蟲突破卵子後會並釋放(exocytosis)出防止其他精蟲再次多重受精之物質於perivitelline space
去除卵丘細胞後會造成cortical granule過早exocytosis, ZP變硬, 造成無法正常受精而需藉由ICSI受精
https://www.animalsciencepublications.org/publications/jas/articles/88/8/2604
Porcine oocytes denuded before maturation can develop to the blastocyst stage if provided a cumulous cell-derived coculture system
ABSTRACT
The physiological role of cumulus cells (CC) surrounding oocytes is particularly important for normal cytoplasmic maturation of oocytes. However, removal of CC from oocytes is inevitable for some embryo manipulation techniques, such as germinal vesicle (GV) transfer, somatic cell haploidization, and oocyte cryopreservation. The present study was designed to determine an optimal method to culture porcine denuded oocytes (DO). The results indicated CC from cumulus-oocyte complexes at the GV stage (GVCC) or at the metaphase II stage, and mural granulosa cells could not improve the maturation of DO. However, GVCC could enhance the development of matured porcine DO after fertilization; the percentage of blastocysts was increased from 1.1 to 17.2% (P < 0.05), and the relative value of the x-axis and y-axis of spindles was also increased (P < 0.05). Coculture with GVCC had no effect on the distribution of mitochondria and cortical granules. The results contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms by which CC promote oocyte maturation and contribute to optimization of protocols for in vitro maturation of DO.
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