臍帶血間質幹細胞(Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells) 與子宮內膜細胞共同培養可促成臍帶血間質幹細胞進一步分化為子宮內膜細胞，未來可望應用此技術將臍帶血間質幹細胞植入於子宮腔   可用於修補子宮內膜受損細胞

. 2020 Jun;27(6):1372-1381.

 doi: 10.1007/s43032-020-00165-y. Epub 2020 Jan 31.

Exosomes Derived from Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote Proliferation of Allogeneic Endometrial Stromal Cells

Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs) have been proposed as an ideal source for cell-based therapy to promote endometrial repair and regeneration. Furthermore, increasing evidence has indicated that UCMSC-derived exosomes (UCMSC-exos) act as important paracrine mediators to recapitulate the features of MSCs and may play a vital role in this process. UCMSCs and human endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) were isolated and characterized. ESCs were cocultured with UCMSCs and further assessed by flow cytometry and EdU incorporation assays. UCMSC-exos were extracted by differential ultracentrifugation and identified by western blots, transmission electron microscopy, and nanoparticle tracking analysis. The internalization of UCMSC-exos by ESCs was observed under a confocal microscope. ESCs were treated with UCMSC-exos at different concentrations and for different durations, with cell viability evaluated by CCK-8 assays. The cell cycle analysis showed that the percentage of ESCs in S phase significantly increased after coculture with UCMSCs, whereas it significantly decreased after inhibition of UCMSC-exo secretions. EdU incorporation assays also showed a similar trend. The isolated UCMSC-exos had a typical cup-shaped morphology with a monolayer membrane, expressed the specific exosomal markers Alix, CD63, and TSG101 and were approximately 60 to 200 nm in diameter. The PKH26-labeled UCMSC-exos were incorporated into ESCs. Moreover, UCMSC-exos enhanced the cell growth and viability of ESCs in a dose-dependent manner, and the effects occurred in a short period of time. UCMSC-exos promote the proliferation of ESCs in a dose-dependent manner; thus, they could be used as a potential treatment to promote endometrial repair.