• 第1組：胚胎繼續縮小10微米或更多； 第 2 組：範圍為 -9 至 +9 µm 的胚胎； 第3組：再膨脹10μm以上。
• 第1組的臨床懷孕率為18.9%； 第2組，27%； 第 3 組為 51.2% (p = 0.007)。
• 臨床懷孕率與孵化後 2 小時測量的解凍囊胚再擴張程度有關。
• 囊胚腔 (blastocoel) 的形成和維持歸因於鈉泵 (Na+/K+−ATPase)
• 水通道蛋白穿過上皮進入囊胚的細胞外空間，形成充滿液體的囊胚腔。
• 重新擴張的能力可能意味著囊胚的功能正常程度。

• Group 1: embryos that continued to shrink by 10 µm or more; group 2: embryos that ranged from -9 to +9 µm; and group 3: re-expansion of 10 µm or more. 
• The clinical pregnancy rate for group 1 was 18.9%; group 2, 27%; and group 3, 51.2% (p = 0.007). 
• The clinical pregnancy rate correlated with the degree of thawed blastocyst re-expansion measured 2 h after incubation. 
• The formation and maintenance of the blastocyst cavity (blastocoel) are attributed to the sodium pump (Na+/K+−ATPase)
• The creation of aquaporins across the epithelium into the extracellular space of the blastocyst to form the fluid-filled blastocoel. 
• The ability to re-expand may imply the proper function of the blastocyst. 

https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/9/2673

. 2022 May 9;11(9):2673.

 doi: 10.3390/jcm11092673.

Standardization of Post-Vitrification Human Blastocyst Expansion as a Tool for Implantation Prediction

The increased use of vitrified blastocysts has encouraged the development of various criteria for selecting the embryo most likely to implant. Post-thaw assessment methods and timetables vary among investigators. We investigated the predictive value of well-defined measurements of human blastocyst re-expansion, following a fixed incubation period. Post-thaw measurements were taken exactly at 0 and 120 ± 15 min. Minimum and maximum cross-sectional axes were measured. Three groups were defined: Group 1: embryos that continued to shrink by 10 µm or more; group 2: embryos that ranged from -9 to +9 µm; and group 3: re-expansion of 10 µm or more. Patient and morphokinetic data were collected and integrated into the analysis. A total of 115 cases were included. The clinical pregnancy rate for group 1 was 18.9%; group 2, 27%; and group 3, 51.2% (p = 0.007). Pre-thaw morphologic grading and morphokinetic scores of the study groups did not reveal differences. p-values were 0.17 for the pre-thaw morphologic score, 0.54 for KID3, and 0.37 for KID5. The patients' demographic and clinical data were similar. The clinical pregnancy rate correlated with the degree of thawed blastocyst re-expansion measured 2 h after incubation. This standardized measure is suggested as a tool to predict the potential of treatment success before embryo transfer.