培養液ammonium來緣: 培養液內之glutamine & 培養液蛋白添加劑
培養液置於37度C下4天， ammonium會增加至損害胚胎程度
培養液置於2-8度C下6週，ammonium會增加至損害胚胎程度

Hum Reprod. 2016 Jun;31(6):1192-9. doi: 10.1093/humrep/dew059. Epub 2016 Apr 6.

Ammonium accumulation in commercially available embryo culture media and protein supplements during storage at 2-8°C and during incubation at 37°C.

Kleijkers SH1, van Montfoort AP1, Bekers O2, Coonen E1, Derhaag JG1, Evers JL1, Dumoulin JC3.

Author information

Abstract

STUDY QUESTION:

Does ammonium accumulate in commercially available culture media and protein supplements used for in vitro development of human pre-implantation embryos during storage and incubation?

SUMMARY ANSWER:

Ammonium accumulates in ready-to-use in vitro fertilization (IVF) culture media during storage at 2-8°C and in ready-to-use IVF culture media and protein supplements during incubation at 37°C.

WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY:

Both animal and human studies have shown that the presence of ammonium in culture medium has detrimental effects on embryonic development and pregnancy rate. It is, therefore, important to assess the amount of ammonium accumulation in ready-to-use IVF culture media under conditions that are common in daily practice.

STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION:

Ammonium accumulation was investigated in 15 ready-to-use media, 11 protein-free media and 8 protein supplements.

PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS:

Ammonium was measured by the use of an enzymatic method with glutamate dehydrogenase. To simulate the storage and incubation conditions during IVF treatments, ammonium concentrations were measured at different time-points during storage at 2-8°C for 6 weeks and during incubation at 37°C for 4 days.

MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE:

All ready-to-use, i.e. protein supplemented, culture media showed ammonium accumulation during storage for 6 weeks (ranging from 9.2 to 99.8 µM) and during incubation for 4 days (ranging from 8.4 to 138.6 µM), resulting in levels that might affect embryo development. The protein supplements also showed ammonium accumulation, while the culture media without protein supplementation did not. The main sources of ammonium buildup in ready-to-use culture media were unstable glutamine and the protein supplements. No additional ammonium buildup was found during incubation when using an oil overlay or with the presence of an embryo in the culture droplet.