上游法(swim-up method)之缺點為
容易產生自由基ROS (reactive oxygen species)進而損傷精蟲
上游法較適用於精蟲趨近正常之檢體
分層離心法之缺點為
易產生內毒素endotoxin
離心時間教久較易對精蟲產生損傷
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC293422/?tool=pubmed
Table 1
Advantages and disadvantages of the conventional swim-up method.
| Advantages | Disadvantages |
| - easy to perform | - restricted to ejaculates with high sperm count and motility |
| - very cost-effective | |
| - usually recovery of a very clean fraction of highly motile spermatozoa | - low yield |
| - spermatozoa can be massively damaged by reactive oxygen species | |
| - significant decrease of the percentage of normally chromatin-condensed spermatozoa |
Table 3
Advantages and disadvantages of density gradient centrifugation.
| Advantages | Disadvantages |
| - usually clean fraction of highly motile spermatozoa | - production of good interphases between the different media is a bit more time-consuming |
| - spermatozoa from ejaculates with a very low sperm density can be separated | - a bit more expensive |
| - good yield | - potential risk of endotoxins |
| - leukocytes are eliminated to a large extent | - Percoll® may no longer be used IVF/ICSI |
| - reactive oxygen species are significantly reduced |
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